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掉发变多、发线后退,
是肾虚吗?
Thinning Hair, a Receding Line —
Is It Really 'Kidney Deficiency'?
Rambut Menipis, Dahi Makin Luas —
Betulkah 'Kekurangan Buah Pinggang'?

2026年8月August 2026Ogos 2026
7 分钟阅读7 min read7 min baca
安心中医 · 马六甲AN XIN TCM · MelakaAN XIN TCM · Melaka
脱发常见的四种类型(不是都等于肾虚)Four Common Patterns of Hair Loss (Not All 'Kidney')Empat Corak Keguguran Rambut (Bukan Semua 'Ginjal')
产后、节食、经量多后大把掉Heavy Shedding After Childbirth or DietingGugur Banyak Selepas Bersalin atau Diet
头发细软、易断,掉得均匀Fine, brittle, evenly thinningHalus, rapuh, menipis sekata
血虚Blood-Def.Kurang Darah
压力大、熬夜,突然一块不见Stress, Late Nights, a Sudden Bald PatchTekanan, Berjaga Malam, Tompok Botak Tiba-tiba
边界清楚的圆形脱发(斑秃)Well-defined round patch (alopecia areata)Tompok bulat jelas (alopecia areata)
肝郁Liver-QiQi Hati
头皮又油又痒、发根出油An Oily, Itchy Scalp, Greasy RootsKulit Kepala Berminyak & Gatal
类似脂溢性,闷、黏Seborrhoeic-like, stuffy and stickySeperti seboroik, lembap melekit
湿热Damp-HeatLembap-Panas
早白、腰膝酸软、家族早秃Early Greying, Aching Back, Family HistoryAwal Beruban, Lenguh Pinggang, Warisan
只是其中一型,不是全部Just one pattern, not the whole storyHanya satu corak, bukan semuanya
肾虚KidneyGinjal

脱发不是一个原因,更不是都等于「肾虚」。中医把脱发分成好几种:产后或节食后头发大把掉,是血虚;压力大、熬夜、突然一块头发不见,是肝郁;头皮又油又痒、发根出油,是湿热;真正的肾虚只是其中一型。搞错方向——比如油腻头皮拼命补肾——常常没用,甚至更油更糟。这篇先帮你分清「是掉得多,还是长得少」,再讲脱发的四种常见类型,最后诚实说一句:哪些能养回来,哪些养不回来。

Hair loss doesn't have one cause, and it certainly isn't all "kidney deficiency." TCM sorts it into several patterns: heavy shedding after childbirth or dieting is blood-deficiency; sudden loss with stress and late nights is liver-qi; an oily, itchy scalp with greasy roots is damp-heat; true kidney-related thinning is only one of them. Get the direction wrong — say, piling on kidney tonics for an oily scalp — and it often does nothing, or makes things greasier and worse. This piece first helps you tell "shedding more" from "growing less," then walks through the four common patterns, and ends with an honest line: what can be coaxed back, and what can't.

Keguguran rambut tiada satu punca, dan pastinya bukan semua "kekurangan buah pinggang." TCM membahagikannya kepada beberapa corak: gugur banyak selepas bersalin atau diet ialah kekurangan darah; kehilangan tiba-tiba dengan tekanan dan berjaga malam ialah qi hati; kulit kepala berminyak dan gatal ialah lembap-panas; penipisan berkaitan ginjal hanyalah satu daripadanya. Salah arah — seperti menambah tonik ginjal untuk kulit kepala berminyak — selalunya tidak berkesan. Artikel ini membantu anda membezakan "gugur lebih" daripada "tumbuh kurang," dan berterus terang tentang apa yang boleh dipulihkan.

是「掉得多」,还是「长得少」?

Shedding More, or Growing Less?

Gugur Lebih, atau Tumbuh Kurang?

先说一个让很多人松口气的事实:每天掉 50 到 100 根头发是正常的,洗头、换季时掉得更多也不奇怪。真正需要留意的,不是「今天掉了几根」,而是整体是不是变稀了、有没有特定部位开始露头皮。男性常见发际线后退、头顶变薄;女性多是发缝变宽、整头均匀变稀。

Here's a fact that puts many people at ease: losing 50 to 100 hairs a day is normal, and shedding more when you wash or with the change of season is no surprise. What matters isn't "how many came out today," but whether the whole head is thinning and whether the scalp is starting to show in a particular area. Men often see a receding hairline and a thinning crown; women more often notice a widening part and even thinning all over.

Ini fakta yang melegakan ramai orang: gugur 50 hingga 100 helai sehari adalah normal, dan lebih banyak semasa mencuci atau bertukar musim tidak menghairankan. Yang penting bukan "berapa gugur hari ini," tetapi sama ada keseluruhan kepala menipis dan sama ada kulit kepala mula kelihatan di kawasan tertentu.

这个分别很实际:「掉发变多」和「新生不足、毛囊萎缩」是两回事。前者像产后、压力、生病后那种一阵子的大量脱落(休止期脱发),诱因过去、身体调回来,多能慢慢长回;后者是毛囊本身在退化、变细甚至萎缩,处理起来更需要耐心,能救的重点是「趁毛囊还活着」。这也是为什么早点分清方向很重要。

The distinction is practical: "shedding more" and "growing less with shrinking follicles" are two different things. The first is the temporary heavy fall after childbirth, stress or illness (telogen shedding) — once the trigger passes and the body settles, it usually grows back. The second is the follicle itself degrading, thinning, even shrinking, which needs more patience, and the whole point is to act "while the follicle is still alive." That's exactly why telling the direction apart early matters.

Perbezaan ini praktikal: "gugur lebih" dan "tumbuh kurang dengan folikel mengecut" adalah dua perkara berbeza. Yang pertama ialah keguguran berat sementara selepas bersalin, tekanan atau sakit — biasanya tumbuh semula. Yang kedua ialah folikel itu sendiri merosot, memerlukan lebih kesabaran, dan intinya bertindak "semasa folikel masih hidup."

脱发,不是都等于「肾虚」

Hair Loss Isn't All 'Kidney Deficiency'

Keguguran Bukan Semua 'Kekurangan Ginjal'

「掉头发=肾虚」大概是最深入人心的误解。中医确实有「肾其华在发」的说法,但那只是脱发众多相关脏腑之一。问题在于:很多人一掉发就自行买补肾的东西吃,如果刚好是湿热型(油头)或肝郁型(压力),补下去常常没用,甚至更糟——湿热被补得更黏腻、头皮更油;肝郁需要的是「疏」,不是「补」。这正是「看证不看病」的意义(延伸阅读:「肾虚」不等于那件事)。

"Hair loss equals kidney deficiency" is probably the most deeply held misconception. TCM does say "the kidney's bloom shows in the hair," but that's only one of several organs involved. The trouble is that many people reach for kidney tonics at the first sign of shedding — and if it's actually the damp-heat (oily) or liver-qi (stress) type, tonifying often does nothing, or makes it worse: damp-heat gets stickier and the scalp oilier; liver-qi needs to be "moved," not "tonified." This is exactly what treating the pattern, not the label, means (further reading: "kidney deficiency" isn't what you think).

"Keguguran rambut sama dengan kekurangan ginjal" mungkin salah faham yang paling mendalam. TCM memang menyebut "ginjal mekar pada rambut," tetapi itu hanya satu daripada beberapa organ terlibat. Masalahnya, ramai terus mengambil tonik ginjal — dan jika sebenarnya jenis lembap-panas (berminyak) atau qi hati (tekanan), menambah tonik selalunya tidak berkesan, malah memburukkan (bacaan lanjut: "kekurangan ginjal" bukan sangkaan anda).

脱发常见的四种类型

Four Common Patterns of Hair Loss

Empat Corak Keguguran Rambut

1
血虚 · 产后、节食、经量多之后Blood-Deficiency · After Childbirth or DietingKurang Darah · Selepas Bersalin atau Diet

头发细软、容易断、掉得比较均匀,常合并面色偏白、容易累、指甲脆。方向是养血。产后那一波尤其常见(详见产后调理篇)。

Fine, brittle hair that sheds fairly evenly, often with a pale complexion, tiredness and brittle nails. The direction is to nourish blood. The postpartum wave is especially common (see our postnatal piece).

Rambut halus, rapuh, gugur sekata, sering dengan muka pucat dan mudah penat. Arahnya memelihara darah. Gelombang selepas bersalin amat biasa (lihat artikel selepas bersalin).

2
肝郁 · 压力、熬夜、情绪Liver-Qi · Stress, Late Nights, EmotionQi Hati · Tekanan, Berjaga Malam

压力大、睡不好的时候明显,有些人会突然出现边界清楚的圆形脱发(斑秃)。方向是疏肝理气、安睡,而不是硬补。

Worse with stress and poor sleep; some people suddenly develop a well-defined round bald patch (alopecia areata). The direction is to soothe the liver, move qi and sleep better — not to force tonics in.

Ketara dengan tekanan dan tidur teruk; sesetengah tiba-tiba mendapat tompok botak bulat (alopecia areata). Arahnya melembutkan hati dan tidur lebih baik, bukan memaksa tonik.

3
湿热 · 头皮油腻、痒Damp-Heat · Oily, Itchy ScalpLembap-Panas · Kulit Kepala Berminyak

头皮出油快、发根黏腻、容易痒或长头皮痘,类似脂溢性脱发。方向是清利湿热、改善头皮环境,这一型最忌盲目进补(延伸:湿气重篇)。

A scalp that turns oily fast, greasy roots, itch or scalp spots — seborrhoeic-type loss. The direction is to clear damp-heat and improve the scalp; this pattern least tolerates blind tonics (see our dampness piece).

Kulit kepala cepat berminyak, akar melekit, gatal atau berjerawat — jenis seboroik. Arahnya membersihkan lembap-panas; corak ini paling tidak sesuai dengan tonik membuta (lihat artikel lembap).

4
肾虚 · 早白、家族早秃Kidney · Early Greying, Family HistoryGinjal · Awal Beruban, Warisan

这才是真正跟「肾」相关的一型:常合并早白、腰膝酸软、家族性早秃、发育或年龄相关的稀疏。方向是补益肝肾——但它只是四型之一,不是所有脱发的答案。

This is the pattern genuinely tied to the "kidney": often with early greying, an aching lower back and knees, a family tendency to early balding, and age-related thinning. The direction is to tonify liver and kidney — but it's one of four patterns, not the answer to every case.

Inilah corak yang benar-benar berkaitan "ginjal": sering dengan awal beruban, lenguh pinggang dan lutut, kecenderungan botak awal keluarga. Arahnya menguatkan hati dan ginjal — tetapi ia satu daripada empat, bukan jawapan untuk setiap kes.

真实的人常常是混合型——例如又累又血虚、加上压力和油头。所以对照上面认出自己大概偏哪一型,是有用的第一步,但真正的分型要由医师看舌、把脉、看头皮和掉发形态之后决定。

Real people are often a mix — tired and blood-deficient, plus stress and an oily scalp. Recognising roughly which one sounds like you is a useful first step, but the real differentiation is made by a practitioner after looking at the tongue, feeling the pulse, and checking the scalp and shedding pattern.

Orang sebenar selalunya campuran — penat dan kurang darah, ditambah tekanan dan kulit kepala berminyak. Mengenali secara kasar corak anda ialah langkah pertama, tetapi pembezaan sebenar dibuat oleh pengamal selepas memeriksa lidah, nadi dan kulit kepala.

哪些能养回来,哪些养不回来?

What Can Be Coaxed Back, and What Can't

Apa Yang Boleh Dipulihkan, Apa Yang Tidak

我们把话讲在前面。中医能帮上忙的,是可逆的那部分——休止期脱发(产后、压力、节食、生病后那种一阵子的大量掉),以及血虚、湿热造成的头皮环境问题,诱因去除加上调理,多数可以掉得少一点、头皮环境好一点、还活着的毛囊养壮一点。但如果毛囊已经萎缩很久、瘢痕化,或雄激素性脱发到了晚期,那些毛囊长不回来——再厉害的方法也变不出新毛囊,能做的是尽量保住还活着的、延缓继续掉。任何跟你保证「几个月长满」「一定长回」的说法,都不要信。合理的期待,是掉得更少、头皮更健康、还在的头发更强壮这三件事一起慢慢改善。

Let's put it plainly up front. Where TCM helps is the reversible part — telogen shedding (the temporary heavy fall after childbirth, stress, dieting or illness) and the scalp problems of blood-deficiency and damp-heat. Remove the trigger, add treatment, and most can shed less, improve the scalp, and strengthen the follicles still alive. But if follicles have already scarred or shrunk for a long time, or androgenetic loss is advanced, those won't regrow — no method conjures new follicles; the aim is to hold on to what's alive and slow further loss. Don't believe anyone promising "full regrowth in a few months." A reasonable expectation is three things improving slowly together: less shedding, a healthier scalp, and stronger remaining hair.

Kami berterus terang di awal. Di mana TCM membantu ialah bahagian yang boleh pulih — keguguran telogen (gugur berat sementara selepas bersalin, tekanan, diet atau sakit) dan masalah kulit kepala kekurangan darah dan lembap-panas. Tetapi jika folikel sudah parut atau mengecut lama, atau keguguran androgenetik sudah lanjut, ia tidak akan tumbuh semula. Jangan percaya sesiapa yang menjanjikan "tumbuh penuh dalam beberapa bulan." Jangkaan munasabah: kurang gugur, kulit kepala lebih sihat, rambut yang tinggal lebih kuat.

  • 别过度节食减肥。快速减重、长期低营养是血虚脱发很常见的诱因,头发是身体「非必要」的部分,缺营养时最先被牺牲。 Don't crash-diet. Rapid weight loss and prolonged undernutrition are a very common trigger of blood-deficiency shedding — hair is a "non-essential" the body sacrifices first when nutrients run short. Jangan diet melampau. Penurunan berat cepat dan kekurangan nutrisi berpanjangan ialah pencetus biasa keguguran kekurangan darah — rambut yang pertama dikorbankan badan apabila nutrien kurang.
  • 减少对头发的物理伤害。少用高温吹整、拉直、扎太紧的发型,洗头别用指甲抓头皮,湿发别用力搓、别马上梳。 Reduce physical damage to the hair. Go easy on high-heat styling, straightening and tightly pulled-back styles; don't claw the scalp with your nails when washing, and don't rub or comb hair roughly while wet. Kurangkan kerosakan fizikal. Kurangkan alat panas, meluruskan dan sanggul ketat; jangan cakar kulit kepala dengan kuku, dan jangan gosok rambut basah dengan kasar.
  • 顾好睡眠和压力。熬夜和长期压力对肝郁型、湿热型的头皮都不友善,规律作息本身就是一种治疗。 Look after sleep and stress. Late nights and chronic stress are unkind to both the liver-qi and damp-heat scalp; a regular routine is itself part of the treatment. Jaga tidur dan tekanan. Berjaga malam dan tekanan kronik tidak baik untuk kulit kepala qi hati dan lembap-panas; rutin teratur itu sendiri sebahagian rawatan.
  • 认得需要一起看西医的红旗。短时间内突然大片脱落、一块块边界很清楚的秃斑、或掉发合并明显疲倦怕冷、体重变化、月经紊乱——这类建议同时查一下甲状腺、铁质、自身免疫等;头皮红肿、脓疱、结痂、留下疤痕的,请先看皮肤科。中西一起看,不冲突。 Recognise the red flags worth seeing a doctor for too. A sudden large fall over a short period, sharply-defined bald patches, or shedding alongside marked fatigue, feeling cold, weight change or menstrual upset — these warrant checking thyroid, iron and autoimmune causes; a red, pustular, crusting or scarring scalp should be seen by a dermatologist first. Seeing both sides doesn't clash. Kenali tanda merah yang perlu jumpa doktor juga. Keguguran besar mendadak, tompok botak bersempadan tajam, atau gugur dengan keletihan ketara, rasa sejuk, perubahan berat atau haid terganggu — perlu periksa tiroid, zat besi dan autoimun; kulit kepala merah, bernanah atau berparut patut dilihat pakar kulit dahulu.
皮肤美容Skin & AestheticsKulit & Estetik 脱发Hair LossKeguguran Rambut 血虚Blood-DeficiencyKurang Darah 湿热Damp-HeatLembap-Panas 马六甲中医TCM MelakaTCM Melaka

掉发困扰你一阵子了?

Has Hair Loss Been Bothering You?

Keguguran Rambut Mengganggu Anda?

欢迎 WhatsApp 我们,医师会先帮你分清是哪一型、能改善到什么程度。

WhatsApp us — a practitioner will first work out your pattern and how much can realistically improve.

WhatsApp kami — pengamal akan kenal pasti corak anda dan sejauh mana ia boleh bertambah baik.

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